Item 183: Photograph by Unknown of an Engraving by Paul Sandby titled, “A View of Bethlehem the Great Moravian Settlement in the Province of Pennsylvania,” after Thomas Pownall, 1761, [no date.]

Item — Box: 22, Folder: 6

Staff Only

Photograph by Unknown of an Engraving by Paul Sandby titled, “A View of Bethlehem the Great Moravian Settlement in the Province of Pennsylvania,” after Thomas Pownall, 1761, [no date.]

Dates

Created: 1761, [no date.]

Creator

Pownall, Thomas, 1722 – 1805 (Person)

Disclaimer for Name and Subject Authorities

Some of the name and subject authority tags have been assigned by educated guessing and estimation of persons and subjects by region, age, profession, and familial relationships. They have been thoroughly researched by using primary and secondary sources available digitally, and named in each description, or in some cases linked directly to the person tag.

Access:

All series and subseries within this collection are open for research, with the exception of a few files within the Academia series that are restricted. The Academia series contains financial and sensitive institutional records from Wilkes College, and financial report records from Princeton University that will remain restricted for 80 years upon creation.

Extent

1 items

Language of Materials

From the Collection: English

Additional Description

Type of Material:

Photograph

Condition Note:

Good.

Measurements:

10 in. x 8 ⅛ in.

Title:

A View of Bethlehem the Great Moravian Settlement in the Province of Pennsylvania.

Description:

This is a view of the town of Bethlehem across a river. This print features few buildings, so it is possibly an early view. Bethlehem is located in the Northampton and Lehigh counties in eastern Pennsylvania. Settled along the 109-mile long Lehigh River tributary of the Delaware River, this city historically was inhabited by indigenous people that included the Algonquian speaking Lenape. They traded with Dutch and British colonists up the east coast. William Allen who was a wealthy Philadelphia merchant and politician deeded 500 acres along the Monocacy Creek and Lehigh River to the Moravian Church on April 2, 1741. The Moravians would have a grand settlement here and often held missions. According to Valley Views of Northeastern Pennsylvania by Gilbert S. McClintock, this piece was “printed for Carington Bowles, at his Map and Print Warehouse, No. 69 in St. Pauls Church Yard, London.” This piece was also printed for John Bowles and Henry Perlee Parker, illustrated by Thomas Pownall, engraved by Paul Sandby, and published by Robert Sayer. The manuscript in our collection is a photograph taken by an unknown artist of the engraving. Thomas Pownall was baptized on September 4, 1722 and was a British colonial official and politician. From 1757 to 1760 he served as the governor of the Province of Massachusetts Bay. He later sat in the House of Commons from 1767 to 1780. Prior to the American Revolutionary War, he traveled much of North American colonies, opposed taxing the colonies attempted by Parliament, and was a minority advocate of colonial positions until the Revolution. He died on February 25, 1805 Paul Sandby was born in Nottingham in 1731 and was an English map-maker and later watercolor landscape painter. He also became one of the founding members of the Royal Academy in 1768 along with his brother Thomas. He eventually moved to London, following his brother Thomas in an appointment in the military drawing department at the Tower of London. He died on November 7, 1809. Born around 1701, John Bowles was born into a family of map and print sellers. He formed a partnership with his older brother Thomas Bowles, and John took over his father’s business when he died in 1721. John Bowles died in 1779. Robert Sayer was born in 1725 and was a publisher and seller of prints, maps, and maritime charts in Georgian Britain. His location of business was on 53 Fleet Street in London, near the Golden Buck. Sayer became Mary Overton’s assistant and later manager of the Golden Buck in 1748. In 1760, John Bennett joined the firm and was a servant to Sayer. The two eventually partnered and the business traded as Sayer & Bennett. Sayer died in 1794. Carrington Bowles is the son of John Bowles and was born around 1701. He apprenticed under his father in 1741 and the two formed a partnership called John Bowles & Son, as the Black Horse, Cornhill, London from 1752/1753. Later on, he took over Thomas Bowles’ business in St Paul’s Churchyard. When Carringotn died in 1779, he passed his business down to his son Henry Carrington Bowles. Henry Perlee Parker was an artist who specialized in portrait and genre paintings and was born in 1785. Over the span of forty years, Parker displayed his work at the Royal Academy and the British Institution in London. His pieces that exhibited fisherfolk and smugglers were the most famous. He had also taught drawing at the Wesleyan Proprietary Grammar School in Sheffield and later on lived in Hammersmith, London. He died in 1873.

Location:

Bethlehem, Pennsylvania (setting); London and Cornhill (Publication)

Transcription:

A View of Bethlehem the Great Moravian Settlement in the Province of PENNSYLVANIA Vue de Bethlehem principal Establishment des Feres Merares dans la Province de PENNSYLVANIA Sketched on the SPOT by his Excellency Governor Pownal, Printed and Engraved by Paul Sandby. London, printed for John Bowles at No33. in Fleet Street, The Jefferys the Corner of St. Martins Lane in the Strand, Carrington Bowles at No 69. In 5(?) Pauls Church Yard, and Henry Parker at No82. in Cornbill.